Simion-Adrian Purza, PhD in Law (September 2022) awarded under joint supervision by Babeş-Bolyai University (Romania) and Hasselt University (Belgium). Research Fellow at the Centre for Government and Law of Hasselt University. The views expressed in this paper are those of the author alone and should not be construed as representing any official position of any of the academic or professional affiliations of the author. The contents of this paper are based on the updated text of Section 6.2, ‘Setting the scene for joint procurement in cybersecurity and artificial intelligence’ and Section 7.2, ‘The current regulatory conundrums, opportunities and challenges in defence and security procurement in the EU’ of the PhD thesis defended by the author in September 2022 (unpublished), titled ‘Public Procurement for Defence and Security in the Context of Enhanced Integrated Cooperation within the European Union and NATO’.