Marco Ceruti

European Procurement & Public Private Partnership Law Review, Jahrgang 13 (2018), Ausgabe 3, Seite 234 - 240

Andrea Castelli

European Procurement & Public Private Partnership Law Review, Jahrgang 13 (2018), Ausgabe 3, Seite 207 - 213

In the last decade, the Smart Cities debate has been characterized by a continuous and significant development, giving rise to a wide range of definitions with the purpose of identifying the exact perimeter of the phenomenon. This included determining the processes needed to transform an urban agglomeration into a ‘smart’ city through the development of new technologies and innovation with a social purpose. With the intent of pursuing those targets and creating a model of organization designed to evaluate problems linked to the environmental protection and commercial evolution (and, as a result, to increase the quality of life of people that live in it), the EU introduced a new plan of development (the Europe 2020 program) encouraging public administrations to extend the use of instruments that were already part of the European Union legal system (like the Pre-commercial Procurement, a kind of public-private partnership) and to test new ones, like innovation partnership, introduced by Directive 2014/24/EU on public procurement. This paper aims at analysing the impact of innovation partnership in the European countries, with particular reference to Italy, considering also a comparative perspective between different approaches on the evolution and development of Smart Cities. Keywords: Public procurement; Europe 2020 Strategy; Directive 2014/24/EU; Innovation partnership; Smart Cities

Branimir Blagojevic

European Procurement & Public Private Partnership Law Review, Jahrgang 13 (2018), Ausgabe 3, Seite 245 - 251

Zbigniew Raczkiewicz

European Procurement & Public Private Partnership Law Review, Jahrgang 13 (2018), Ausgabe 3, Seite 229 - 233

Pedro Telles, Grith Skovgaard Ølykke

European Procurement & Public Private Partnership Law Review, Jahrgang 12 (2017), Ausgabe 3, Seite 239 - 252

This article analyses the conceptual link between law and compliance, exploring the different theories and types of compliance (corporate, State and regulatory) and how they can be found today within the EU legal public procurement framework. The analytical focus is on Directive 2014/24/EU and within it how sustainable requirements have increased the level of compliance required, particularly regulatory compliance. Compliance was already present in previous EU public procurement frameworks, but its extent on Directive 2014/24/EU leads the authors to consider the current legal framework as subject to substantial regulatory compliance obligations external to the process of procurement. In short, procurement has been transformed in a way to enforce regulatory obligations that are not intrinsic to the process of buying. This leads to the conclusion that questions such as the cost and trade offs from imposing compliance obligations to public and private bodies warrant further research, particularly at the legal, economic and political science intersection.

Beatriz Martinez Romera, Roberto Caranta

European Procurement & Public Private Partnership Law Review, Jahrgang 12 (2017), Ausgabe 3, Seite 281 - 292

Climate change is an urgent matter, which calls for considering the potential, opportunities and challenges of public procurement for combating it. This article analyses the role that public purchasing plays in achieving and enhancing climate change mitigation in the EU, and delves into the specific climate and procurement legal framework after the 2015 Paris Agreement and the 2014 Procurement Directive. The EU rules are analysed to understand the evolution of environmental concerns, specifically climate change, in EU public procurement law over the last twenty years. The article shows how climate change may be accommodated in the light of these two developments, most crucially, under the 2014 procurement reform, which has happened against a backdrop of ongoing tensions between concerns for the proper functioning of the internal market and calls stressing the imperatives of sustainability.

Marta Andrecka

European Procurement & Public Private Partnership Law Review, Jahrgang 12 (2017), Ausgabe 3, Seite 333 - 345

The new EU Procurement Directives reinforced the importance of sustainable development by facilitating the strategic use of public procurement to achieve broader societal goals and as such offer significant new opportunities for sustainable public procurement. The task of today is to better understand the continuously developing concepts of SPP, as well as to identify the drivers and barriers that promote or hinder its further implementation. This article firstly deals with the relationship between the concepts of sustainability, Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR) and public procurement. Secondly, as Denmark has been known as a pioneer in sustainable development, including implementation of it in public purchasing this article focuses on recent developments in the areas of CSR and sustainable public procurement in Denmark, and analyses relevant Danish Public Procurement Complaints Board decisions.

Ama Eyo

European Procurement & Public Private Partnership Law Review, Jahrgang 12 (2017), Ausgabe 3, Seite 253 - 265

This paper examines the relationship between corruption and Sustainable Public Procurement (SPP) in Africa. Specifically, the paper makes two contributions to the literature. First, it argues that at a macro level, systemic corruption in African countries depletes the already small pool of funds available for public spending, which limits these countries’ ability to pursue SPP outcomes, thus negatively impacting sustainable development. Second, the article draws attention to the need for more specific anti-corruption controls at the micro or institutional levels to address the practice of subverting SPP objectives by corrupt public officials by offering a number of micro-level anti-corruption measures to address the challenge posed by corruption to procurement, including to SPP.

Deividas Soloveičik, Karolis Šimanskis

European Procurement & Public Private Partnership Law Review, Jahrgang 12 (2017), Ausgabe 2, Seite 112 - 131

The concept of conflict of interests is the emerging theme in both the EU public procurement doctrine and legal practice. This article is an endeavour to examine the roots of conflict of interests and to understand if generally applicable features of the concept are equally relevant in public procurement law. It will be shown that there are different types of conflict of interests which are relevant, namely to the practice of public procurement and having the sui generis nature. The publication includes the thorough examination of the EU and Lithuanian case-law related to the conflicts of interest as well as the analysis of the relevant provisions of the Directive 2014/24. Keywords: Public Procurement; Lithuania; Conflicts of Interest; eVigilo; Supreme Court; Directive 2014/24.

Albert Sánchez-Graells

European Procurement & Public Private Partnership Law Review, Jahrgang 12 (2017), Ausgabe 2, Seite 97 - 111

This paper provides a critical assessment of the “Feasibility study concerning the actual implementation of a joint cross-border procurement procedure by public buyers from different Member States” prepared by Bundesbeschaffung GmbH and Statens og Kommunernes Indkøbs Service A/S (BBG-SKI) for the European Commission. The paper submits that the study provides some interesting data and details about relevant case studies, but that it does not shed significant light on the doubts created by the rules on joint cross-border public procurement (JCBPP) in the 2014 EU Public Procurement Package, and that the main weakness of the study is its lack of a general legal analytical framework. In order to gain additional legal insights on the basis of the empirical data included in the BBG-SKI study, this paper proposes an analytical framework under which the legal compliance of JCBPP structures is assessed. It then summarises each of the case studies included in the BBG-SKI study and offers a critical (re)assessment of the issues that would have required more information and/or which are insufficiently analysed in the BBG-SKI study. Based on this reorganised empirical evidence, the paper proceeds to a critical assessment of some of the outstanding legal barriers and challenges to JCBPP. It concludes by stressing some of the remaining uncertainties concerning legal development at Member State level, and calls on the European Commission to facilitate more detailed research leading to the adoption of future guidance on JCBPP under the 2014 EU Public Procurement Directives. Keywords: Joint Procurement; Collaborative Procurement; Centralised Purchasing Bodies; Joint Entities; Legal Framework; Choice of Law; Conflict of Laws.